A namysto or busy, rarely a monysto is an ornament made of pearls, corals, stones, etc., which is worn around the neck. Necklaces are one of the oldest ornaments known from the Paleolithic era. Every woman had to wear a bright necklace under her embroidered dress. There were many varieties of necklaces. The most valuable was the one that consisted of valuable natural materials. The most common was considered to be a coral necklace. Such stones had many colors, different degrees of processing. Now they are worn mainly by women, but historically they were used as jewelry by men as well. The necklace can also be called by the material - "coral", "beads", "peats". One element of a necklace (pearl, stone, etc.) is called a bead (rarely a bead). The necklace is the oldest and most common of women's neck ornaments throughout Ukraine.
The word "namysto" is the result of the metathesis of the earlier "monysto" (pron. *monisto), which is considered to be related to the Old German mana ("mane", "neck"), menni ("necklace"), Old Eng. me, English mane ("mane"), Sanskrit मन्य ("neck", "occiput") and derive from Proto-Indo-European *mono- ("occiput", "neck").
Description
The necklace was different in terms of material, color, shape, and ways of wearing it. Previously, it consisted of bunches, beautiful vegetable fruits, grains, vegetable seeds, which were later replaced by beads made of stone, metal or glass. The necklace made of expensive natural materials - coral, amber, pearls, garnets, glass, smalt - was the most valued. A Hutsul necklace made of Venetian multi-colored glass with splashes of a different color or gold, which was imported from Italy, was highly valued.
A necklace made of "sincere" amber, which was mined in the vicinity of Kyiv, was common in the Left Bank Naddnipr region. It was believed that it would bring health and happiness. More often, one long and massive string of amber was worn in combination with a coral necklace.
A necklace made of polished river pearls, which was called "balamuty", was widespread in Eastern Podillya.
The artificial necklace was called stupid, puffed up, unfair. At the beginning of the 20th century, a necklace made of good natural stones went out of peasant use. It was replaced by a glass (not blown) necklace of a factory product, which spread in Ukraine from the middle of the 19th century. It was white, blue, green, yellow, red, cherry, black. Sometimes multi-colored beads were strung on one thread. Beads of different colors were also sewn onto the belt. On the Left Bank, silver beads (reefs, buttons) were added to coral beads.
A small glass necklace was used to strengthen necklaces in western Ukraine.
Way of wearing
A necklace has always been very important in the outfits of women and girls: the bigger the beads were and the more times they were on the neck, the wealthier their owner was. The poorest had to have 2-3 cords of coral, and the richest 10-15. The corals were strung on a silk cord and arranged in a certain order. First, a small lace with small beads was worn. Then the size of laces and beads gradually increased. Dukaches, which were also smaller and larger, were placed between the corals. Wealthy burghers always had golden dukachi, while less wealthy ones had silver with gilding. Wealthy bourgeois women had from 6 to 12 such dukaches.
The word "namysto" is the result of the metathesis of the earlier "monysto" (pron. *monisto), which is considered to be related to the Old German mana ("mane", "neck"), menni ("necklace"), Old Eng. me, English mane ("mane"), Sanskrit मन्य ("neck", "occiput") and derive from Proto-Indo-European *mono- ("occiput", "neck").
Description
The necklace was different in terms of material, color, shape, and ways of wearing it. Previously, it consisted of bunches, beautiful vegetable fruits, grains, vegetable seeds, which were later replaced by beads made of stone, metal or glass. The necklace made of expensive natural materials - coral, amber, pearls, garnets, glass, smalt - was the most valued. A Hutsul necklace made of Venetian multi-colored glass with splashes of a different color or gold, which was imported from Italy, was highly valued.
A necklace made of "sincere" amber, which was mined in the vicinity of Kyiv, was common in the Left Bank Naddnipr region. It was believed that it would bring health and happiness. More often, one long and massive string of amber was worn in combination with a coral necklace.
A necklace made of polished river pearls, which was called "balamuty", was widespread in Eastern Podillya.
The artificial necklace was called stupid, puffed up, unfair. At the beginning of the 20th century, a necklace made of good natural stones went out of peasant use. It was replaced by a glass (not blown) necklace of a factory product, which spread in Ukraine from the middle of the 19th century. It was white, blue, green, yellow, red, cherry, black. Sometimes multi-colored beads were strung on one thread. Beads of different colors were also sewn onto the belt. On the Left Bank, silver beads (reefs, buttons) were added to coral beads.
A small glass necklace was used to strengthen necklaces in western Ukraine.
Way of wearing
A necklace has always been very important in the outfits of women and girls: the bigger the beads were and the more times they were on the neck, the wealthier their owner was. The poorest had to have 2-3 cords of coral, and the richest 10-15. The corals were strung on a silk cord and arranged in a certain order. First, a small lace with small beads was worn. Then the size of laces and beads gradually increased. Dukaches, which were also smaller and larger, were placed between the corals. Wealthy burghers always had golden dukachi, while less wealthy ones had silver with gilding. Wealthy bourgeois women had from 6 to 12 such dukaches.
