Paciorki (patsiorky), branzuliety, branzolety, kuli, luskavky, naduvanci, naduvanchyky, svitliachky is a necklace made of colored blown glass. It gained popularity at the end of the 19th century. Patsyorki are one of the elements of the Ukrainian national costume. In addition to Ukraine, they were also distributed in other regions of Eastern Europe (for example, Belarus).
History
The word patsorki is of Polish origin. Goes back to the Catholic (Latin) prayer Pater noster (Our Father). In written Ukrainian sources, the name of this prayer in the form of patzer is known from the 18th century. Later, it was attached to the name rosary, later changed to a necklace, and also acquired several more meanings.
Necklaces made of non-blown glass beads became part of the Ukrainian national women's costume in the 19th century. They were white, blue, green, yellow, red, cherry, black. Sometimes multi-colored beads were strung on one row. The most expensive variety of brooches were those made of Murano glass from Venice. Such beads were called "Venetian beads". They were inlaid with metals (most often - gold) and painted with enamel. The most common were black beads with white spots. At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, multi-colored "blown" glass beads of the Christmas tree type became widespread - the beads looked like miniature Christmas tree decorations, and the beads looked like Christmas tree garlands. In some families, necklaces made of blown glass were even hung on the Christmas tree as decorations. They consisted of threads with beads of craft or factory production. Despite the fact that the beads were short-lived, as they often fought, they were cheap and bright, therefore they were popular among women. Such a necklace was bought individually, a certain amount was strung on threads 35-75 cm long, grouping them by size and color. Over time, they significantly eclipsed other beads worn by Ukrainian women. Individual beads were also used to decorate wreaths.
The mentioned Ukrainian workshops for the production of "blown" glass necklaces have not been found. As evidenced by old newspaper publications, such beads were supplied to Ukraine from the Czech territories near the Sudetenland at the time when Galicia was part of Austria-Hungary. The spread of this craft is associated with the Sudeten Germans. Ukrainian women could purchase such jewelry at fairs, in city stores, or by mail. In the Lviv press of the 1940s, there were advertisements about how to order novelties by mail through haberdashery stores in Warsaw.
The word patsorki is of Polish origin. Goes back to the Catholic (Latin) prayer Pater noster (Our Father). In written Ukrainian sources, the name of this prayer in the form of patzer is known from the 18th century. Later, it was attached to the name rosary, later changed to a necklace, and also acquired several more meanings.
Necklaces made of non-blown glass beads became part of the Ukrainian national women's costume in the 19th century. They were white, blue, green, yellow, red, cherry, black. Sometimes multi-colored beads were strung on one row. The most expensive variety of brooches were those made of Murano glass from Venice. Such beads were called "Venetian beads". They were inlaid with metals (most often - gold) and painted with enamel. The most common were black beads with white spots. At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, multi-colored "blown" glass beads of the Christmas tree type became widespread - the beads looked like miniature Christmas tree decorations, and the beads looked like Christmas tree garlands. In some families, necklaces made of blown glass were even hung on the Christmas tree as decorations. They consisted of threads with beads of craft or factory production. Despite the fact that the beads were short-lived, as they often fought, they were cheap and bright, therefore they were popular among women. Such a necklace was bought individually, a certain amount was strung on threads 35-75 cm long, grouping them by size and color. Over time, they significantly eclipsed other beads worn by Ukrainian women. Individual beads were also used to decorate wreaths.
The mentioned Ukrainian workshops for the production of "blown" glass necklaces have not been found. As evidenced by old newspaper publications, such beads were supplied to Ukraine from the Czech territories near the Sudetenland at the time when Galicia was part of Austria-Hungary. The spread of this craft is associated with the Sudeten Germans. Ukrainian women could purchase such jewelry at fairs, in city stores, or by mail. In the Lviv press of the 1940s, there were advertisements about how to order novelties by mail through haberdashery stores in Warsaw.
.jpg)
.jpg/800px-Hutsuls_(26).jpg)
